music

Www.power-point.ro 155 Muzica Vietii

Comentariul nr. 19

post card

Liviu Rebreanu - forest hanging

Alan's Rebreanu appearance in literature is a moment of fork. . Analyzed this time, Tudor Vianu considered "role samanatoristilor was closed and Delavrancea, Duliu Zamfirescu and Bratescu-Voinesti their dadusera measure their Sadoveanu ontinua only grow in the fundamentals placed before May.

Representing pure epic, Alan Rebreanu marks a new phase of Realism romanesc: "Never romanesc realism, before Rebreanu not knock vziune a bleak life in May, infruntand with more courage and dezgustatorul ugly, just as in the newest variety of European Realism , raw naturalism French Russian su "(Tudor Vianu). Eugen Lovinescu realisul of tough talk from operalui Rebreanu, the originality of his great epic construction of objectivity prose.


Liviu Rebreanu in his designs people come with their own life, he is closer to the mystery of eternity.

About style "I prefer to either rough and mean in what I actually just be neutral and sanders. It's much easier to write than just nice" (Liviu Rebreanu). Both Rebreanu Liviu C. Petrescu and may have a style characterized by sobriety, purity and precision are considered writers anticalofili (against elegant writing).


Apostol Bologa, a young man in Parva, near Nasaud, animated romantic adventure is inroleaza volunteer on the frontline during World War I, to prove his love fiancée, Marta, and he is able to strive with ulanii Hungarians, after Nimi chosen which gave its in the wind.

On the front in Galicia, he covers the bravura, being decorated and advanced to the lieutenant. . It is then co-opted by the Court martial, Where condemn with all convince to death by hanging, the lieutenant Czech Svoboda.

. After execution, find the new company commander, Captain Klapka, reasons for Svoboda tried to runaway. From this moment begins to have qualms of conscience. Trying to find new arguments and rationale ii obsession increases anxiety and guilt becomes excruciating.

Then finding that regiment and will be sent to the Romanian front, it decides to runaway, is wounded and interned in the hospital.Unguroaica love with Ilona, Vidor hearst daughter in the house which is billet, Bologa break, during convalescent leave engagement with Marta.

Shortly after the return to unity, is called back to court-martial. Now was to be judged some villagers, is considered a spy because he lived his work ogoarele prohibited from conventional lines of the Austro-Hungarian army. Bologa can not bear the thought of being complicit in the conviction of innocent people and decides to runaway. Is caught, convicted and hung.

Structural compositional result is a book after the lines of a classical building, upward. Description atmosphere gray autumn day symbolically open road in his consciousness Apostol Bologa. He is hung like a martyr of the nation. Epic discourse is constituted by a scheme obsession, alternating with the chronological time psychologically.

Interior monologue and psychological survey, conducted from the perspective of authors, setting up the hero's tragic fate. Passages describing melancholy atmosphere of the front or cenusie nature and of a dull autumn day are in line with the thoughts and trairii hero, or tragic destiny prefigurand. Such ILCaragiale of such notice T. Vianu, Liviu Rebreanu notation organic approach "found process, gives a much more use of the intinsa" ( "Apostol Bologa is made of red and making memory stick and look on the face of the master. He heard heart beat like hammers ").

Symmetry whole epic of the forest hanging, otherwise, and other novels, unveils monumental constructions vocation. Image spanzuratorii (element that appears 20 times throughout the work), which opens and closes the novel, suggests the highest moments of tragicului.



The book is Guided by three principles:

Premise: Apostle citizen is a part of the larger self of the state, a wheel of a big machine, man is not nothing, but according to the state.

Medium term: Apostle Roman becomes: when the state is unreal and something happens, being able to meet oamnei foreign soul and aspirations, is a kind of love ixzolare even instinctively. The state does not require love, but only human devotion and discipline, when a nation preupune brotherly love.

Conclusions: Apostle becomes man: among people, their individual self or find the good in which salasluieste miles and love for all mankind. Only in a consciously poater life I love the sea - the universal - religious people.



Psychological novel



Forest hanging novel is a drama of consciousness of man put face to face with history necrutatoare. On the background of the tragic events of the First World War, young Apostol Bologa - Romanian Transylvania integrated in the then Austro-Hungarian Empire, lived experience with existential implications; notions within them: life, death, love, duty, God, suffering and redemption schmba their content.

Rebreanu made his hero's life presented at the second time:

- Appeared in past retrospective on childhood and teenage character

- This includes the last of life, so that - reprimanded inner side of a fault that was in his condemnation Svoboda - Bologa and headed toward him hanging.

The character of consciousness begins in the very moment of execution Svoboda, Bologa when "all clear that the flame of condamnatului eyes and trickle in the heart of a painful reproach. Subsequently, bravand of the need to demonstrate to those around and especially sies to which the accuracy of sentence subscription character confirms that trust is tossing. Moreover, intalnireacu Klapka play an important role in the evolution of mind and after Bologa first confession ii grounds move his Russian front, a new bid, knead his soul nesmtite "will make lieutenant novel to see the war differently :. il germinate an idea in mind as a hook: what is he doing here? " Shape is still on now, the great drama of Bologa: disparity between the theory to the homeland and the reality of a cruel war.

Real awakening of a young ethnic consciousness novel is going when it is notified that after a few days, the division will be moved in front of Transylvania. Gandul is dezertarii infiltrate your mind first nebulous, as an opportunity to become a court when Gen. ii reject move to another front.

Dynamic experience of the hero is spiritually and observed during two key events. The first was the discussion with a German prisoner and brought to Lunca questioned Apostol Bologa serves as interpreter and prisoner words ( "but you as the Romans") ii wake up in the deep soul need disculpare. In these conditions, desertion is one of the possible forms of salvation, the only one who sees.

The second event is the convening of Bologa Division at Headquarters, to be part of the court martial that was to condemn some peasants accused of espionage. Way to do with car headquarters is one of the best pages of the novel; expand into what he sees ochul, that the seven peasants are multiplied hooked forever, and go get incredible proportions little later, overwhelmed by the impression of similarity hanging, "Apostol quake () is called and then e Svoboda's eyes. Day's faustian Bologa start and to not finish a pact with the devil tries to runaway in the same night, on the Romanian front, but is caught, tried and convicted. The author aims - with a rare psychological penetration force last hours of the existence of character: invalmasirea thoughts, waiver of defense, go up to the execution place, where moments condamnatul not recognize his own name written on the cross until the light of apotetica final broke out of his eyes Bologa, with the first rays of soarelu, like a new man in Genesis is projected on the background Universe.

Forest hanging is built entirely on a scheme obsession, destiny hero dirijand depths of subconscious" (Tudor Vianu).

Obsession is installed in helping out with the scene of spanzuratorii Svoboda: when death a great light is spreading the figure and "eyes shining with white face and light, seem like people want to vesteasca a great victory." From that moment, his thirst Bologa is light, it becomes the "voice" to the character of people who headed a hallucinating. .

Calling neantului be heard once the moment of arrival at his place of execution time, raising the eye sees a shining white spanzuratorii the "loom something strange."

Résumé du film A Cinderella Story

L'adolescente de Los Angeles Sam Montgomery est traitée en esclave par sa belle-mère Fiona, tant à la maison qu' au "diner" fondé par son défunt père, où elle doit travailler comme serveuse. En outre, ses deux demi-soeurs lui font constamment la vie dure. Dans ses rares temps libres, l'adolescente correspond via Internet avec le mystérieux Nomad, qui prétend être une âme poétique incomprise. Mais lors d'une soirée d'Halloween, elle découvre que Nomad est en réalité Austin Ames, le joueur étoile de l'équipe de football de son école secondaire. Déguisée en princesse, Sam séduit le populaire Austin, mais au coup de minuit, s'enfuit en laissant derrière elle son téléphone cellulaire. Grâce à l'appareil, le footballeur entreprend de retrouver celle qui pourrait être l'amour de sa vie.

Soroca Fortress

Soroca Fortress is a fortress Moldovan XV century, founded by Stephen the Great, before Vadului over river, instead of the old fortresses Genova, Alciona. The fortress was later rebuilt by Petru Rares, who rebuilt the walls in stone.
On 14 September 1499, Stefan cel Mare conclude a treaty of mutual help with the great cause of Lithuania Alexander, where as in the previous document referred pan Coste, starosti of Soroca.

Several sources mentioned historical castles raising the river to vaduri, wood or stone, in which the seat sits higher pârcălabi and masters Hotin, Soroca, Orhei, Tighina and White Fortress. It is assumed that the Soroca was erected a fortress of wood and earth, a jig or even Posada in the first quarter of XV century, but the first documentary mention on 12 July 1499 by her first pârcălab Coste.

Due to geological relief that it crosses, Nistrul presented before payment was steep sides and crossing vadurile are quite small, and these are the only entry gates cete Tartars purposes of robbery and destruction of settlements Moldovan. If vadurile from Tighina Hotin and were defended by garnizoanele fortresses of the same name, but at the Soroca was without protection. Only during the reign of Stephen the Great, and Vadul settlement to begin construction here defended by a wooden fortifications, surrounded by waves of the earth, which have to exist and the time of Bogdan the Blind.

During the reign of Petru Rares, the remaining old fortress is a fortress built new stone, 15-20 m., which is now kept in exceptional condition. Soroca Fortress is unique among medieval castles Moldovan system architectural construction. His plan has a circular diameter of 37.5 m., four towers and a circular tower access rectangular plan.

Fortress White

Fortress White (in Ukrainian Білгород-Дністровський / Bilhorod-Dnistrovschi) is a city district namesake of the historic Bugeac in Ukraine today (Odessa region). During Burebista, the fortress was called Tyras and kept the Dacian kingdom's Burebista. The fortress was under the sovereignty of Moldovans between 1392 and 1484, when Stefan cel Mare lost fortress, which was conquered by the Turks.The town became part of the Kingdom of Romania between 1918 and 1940.

• The history of the city beginning in the V th century BC when Greek sailors from Miletia created here colony called Niconia.
• During the time of Herodotus, the city was called Tyras, was inhabited by people of Thira, which was defeated by daci around 300 BC
• In the century of the second century BC Greek city becomes a colony, principlala occupation is the trade in the area.
• When the Romans conquered Dacia, the city named Alba Iulia and used it to trade with Sciţia.
• Invasion hunilor in 375 ravaged the Roman colony, but the town revived at 545 under 'anzi', named Turris.
• Genovezii îl numesc Moncastro , dar e cunoscut şi ca Asprokastron . Genovezii call Moncastro, but is known as Asprokastron.
• In 1407 under the Good Alexander called the Moldovan Fortress White is Moldova. It is recast by Stephen II in 1440.
• In 1451 Alexandru Voda reconquer the city, and Stefan cel Mare in 1481 and renewed increases fortress. Turks conquer the city in 1484 and it stăpînesc until 1812 when it took delivery of Russian Empire.
• In 1940, the city is occupied by the Soviet Union, was awarded the Ukrainian RSS, between August 7 and December 1 the city is residing Region Akkerman.
• In 1941 the city is reoccupy the Romanian troops, following the entry of Romania in the Second World War.
• In 1944 the city goes back into the composition of the Soviet Union
• In 1991, following destrămării the Soviet Union, the city became part of Ukraine independent.

the tighina fortless

Medieval fortress built near see a crossing of the Dniester Moldovan rulers, Tighina was occupied in 1538 by Sultan Soliman the greatless in his expedition against Petru Rares, and transformed in the Turkish raia, along with the surrounding villages.
Then extended during Ottoman stapanirii (fortului old form back then - the year 1541) and Russo-Turkish wars (inside high), remained one of the best preserved medieval castles of Moldova.
Today, unfortunately, can not be visited because there was Canton, in an abusive, Army 14-a Russian, the only army that Russia has not withdrawn it yet in Europe. The army maintains a 14-by force of arms in the region, terrorism, and supports separatist communist dictatorial regime of Tiraspol.
Tighina was part of the great defensive system and binechibzuitul Moldova medieval times being one of the most powerful fortresses.

one part of researchers assume that its history since the first century and by the Xll century Genoese merchants some based here would be a factor, a trade exchange with foreign countries.

However this hypothesis can not be verified and argued so long, but still very good reasons are not known săpăturile arheologice possible and therefore no depth research, which would make the light in these pages in the history of our country.

Customs node on the bank of the Dniester is confirmed for the first time in a normal period, a gramota in 1408, on Prince Alexandru cel Bun Liov of some merchants, who provide some trade privileges.

As a city of Tighina border developed during the reign of Stephen the Great and Peter Rares, and at the end of the century XIV - XV century, the place was before the customs, the city was founded with the same name.

In 1538 Peter Rares, worthy successors of parent-voivode rise against the Ottoman Gate refusal to pay annually tribute.

Fortress of Suceava

The fortress was mentioned documentary for the first time on 10 February 1388, was built during the reign of Peter I Musat (1375 - 1391). Initial construction plan is rectangular, with the southern side of 36 m and the east of about 40 m. defensive towers, shaped square is situated in the middle and end of each laturi.Stefan Restore the Great rooms inside and add the enclosure wall, the wall was built in two phases, respectively in the first stage (before the year 1476) it builds a wall of 1.5 m wide, reinforced with square towers, and the second stage (before anul1497) is first added to a second wall, 2 m wide, square towers circulare.Santul becoming defensive, expanded much goes on three sides-east, south, west, north side of being a promontoriu.In were inside rooms for soldiers, and rooms for reigning family, a chapel, warehouses and food munitii.Fortless a Seat was subjected to a strong bilding during the reign of Stefan cel Mare (1476,1485,1497) can not be cucerita.In year 1538, the boyars treason enables them to conquer otomani.In during the second dominate of Alexandru Lapusneanu (1564 - 1568) from disposal Turks Seat Fortress is burned, the capital was moved to end Iasi.La sec.al XVI's residence castle becomes Aron Voda (1592 - 1595) and Ştefan Răzvan (1595), Mike's allies Brave or voivodes family Movila.O Age brilliance last known fortress in time of Vasile Lupu, who will take major restoration works, but the siege since 1653, when the new ruler, Gheorghe Stefan, attacking the fortress where they were family and Vasile Lupu wealth, put an end to this era of ephemeral sunshine.In year 1675, the Ottoman order Gate, voivode Dumitrascu Cantacuzino do the destruction of the fortless.many years later, at the end of the third of Mr. Duca Voda, an earthquake will break the north side and will destroy the walls that keep it in legs.The things restoration attempts to restore the fortress of brilliance once.
The system of fortifications built in Moldova at the end of the nineteenth century LXIX, as soon as the danger Ottoman, included, for defense and succor earth wood arranged around settlements, fortified points in the center of towns on the main thoroughfares or they link between them (the defense and mănăstireşti domneşti courts and castles of strategic importance, to be located abroad, on the Dniester, either internally in the area close, sub-Carpathian). These draft, the Fortress of Suceava, one of the best known until now, has enjoyed great fame in time. Identifying with military glory and the ideal of independence, the Fortress of Suceava has a history not only rich in events and facts of the fight, but was often the main element of resistance against the whole Moldove those wishing to submit .

Today, the complex architecture Seat Fortress, voivodal resident of Moldova, suggests visitors Sucevei medieval life image.

Fortress Neamţ

Fortress Neamţ (known under the name improperly Neamţului Fortress), is a medieval fortress in Moldova, located near the town of Targu Neamt.

Raised during Peter I of Moldavia, the fortress known flourishing during the period of Stephen the Great, which is in the defensive fortress which had the role as defense Moldova.

One of the best-known moments of glory of the Fortress Neamţ is in 1691 when he resisted to the Polish-led military attacks by John Sobieski. The battle between the Romanian and Polish has been described in the narrative "Sobieski and Romanians" written by Costache Negruzzi and was ecranizată in 1914 by Leon Popescu, directed by Emil Garleanu.

The Siege of Cetatea Neamţului in 1476 was an important event in the history of Moldavia.

Cetatea Neamţului was a fortress rumored to have been built, in the thirteenth century by the Teutonic Knights, in defence against Tatar incursions.

In 1476, after defeating the Moldavian armies in the Battle of Valea Albă, the Ottoman Empire Sultan Mehmet II forced the Moldavian voivode Ştefan cel Mare to retreat to Cetatea Neamţului. However, as legend says, his mother refused to let him enter the stronghold, and instead advised him to go north into what is now Bukovina and gather a new army. While Ştefan was in Bukovina gathering more forces, Mehmet II laid siege to Cetatea Neamţului. He positioned his cannons on a nearby hill, and began bombarding the stronghold, causing much damage. The Moldavian garrison was at the point of surrender, when a German prisoner held in the dungeons had the idea of using the cannons against the Ottoman position on the hill. His idea was put into practice, and soon the camp of the Turks was being bombarded, forcing Mehmet II to leave the area. The event is recorded by the late Moldavian chronicle of Ion Neculce.

The Statue of Stefan Cel Mare

Equestrian statue of Stefan cel Mare in Iasi is a bronze monument dedicated moldovean ruler Stephen the Great (1457-1504), which was conducted by French sculptor Emmanuel Frémiet and inaugurated in 1883 in the city of Iasi.
Initially, the monument is located in the Administrative Palace in Iasi, and currently before the Palace of Culture that was built after the demolition of the old palace.
The idea to raise a statue Iaşi a great voivode dates of Moldova since 1856, the desire caimacamului Theodor Balş to oppose Unification principalities. He hoped that the exacerbation of nationalism local Moldovan principality, create from Stefan cel Mare a symbol of power which would be demonstrated by the futility Unification Wallachia.
To this end, he appointed a panel of the backrest Mihai Cantacuzino, postelnicul Gheorghe Asachi and postelnicul Nicolae Istrate, who began a campaign fundraising. Gheorghe Asachi was the one who sketched portrait great voivode, based on descriptions of Stefan cel Mare made by Gregory Ureche Letopiseţul in Moldova and after painting of Stephen the Great Church of Bădeuţi (church built by Stephen the Great and demolată by Austro-Hungary in World War I).
According to the original outlines, the result voivode with a beard, of medium stature. Asachi's why the error was due to the fact that the paintings of Stephen the Great, even painted during his life, were the monasteries of Bucovina, which entered the province in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Dr. Adriana Ioniuc, scientific director of the Moldova National Museum Complex of Iasi states that: "Stephen's beard appeared after restoring the original painting from the Church Badea, painters of the XIX century and adding voievodului beard, it was fashionable in those times "[1].
With the death caimacamului Theodor Balş in 1857 were the work of the system and making the statue. Abia în anul 1871, când la Mănăstirea Putna se sărbătoreau 370 de ani de la moartea domnitorului Moldovei, s-au reluat discuţiile referitoare la monument. Only in 1871, when the Putna Monastery is celebrating 370 years after the death of Prince of Moldavia, have resumed talks on the monument.
After the War of Independence, has opened a list of the public at the initiative of a national group patrioţi de inimi Vasile Alecsandri Nicolae Gane, Jacob, Negruzzi Pastia Scarlat, Alexander Stamatopol. They collected 135,000 francs, and in 1879 before ordering French sculptor Emmanuel Frémiet (1824-1910), an artist in high fashion in Paris that time.
Documentation submitted sculptor is run postelnicul Gheorghe Asachi, French artist from carrying the statue in his studio in Rue L'Université, Paris. On 16 September 1882, after raising foundations, was seated in the middle soclului a commemorative act in recognition for moldovean famous ruler. The statue was finally exposed and the National Sculpture Fair in France in 1882.
the ceremony held on June 5 1883, in the presence of King Carol I and was memorable. Under a canopy of red velvet curtains and blue satin, was made the throne of Stephen the Great dug into the rock, found in the village Vânători-Neamt (Neamt County), under the feet of the Fortress Neamţului.
The statue has a height of 4.5 meters and is made of bronze, the ruler is depicted with a beard and a crown on his head Catholic. No never a model of authentic Crown Moldova, French sculptor for the statue from a model Iaşi crown Catholic, this was a serious contradictions and a legend.
Piedestalulul statue is made of pink marble from Carrara. On the sides of piedestalului are two altoreliefuri bronze, representing the fight Codrii Cosminului - 1497 (at left) and the Fight Podu High - 1475 (at right).
The statue is flanked by two cannons "Krupp", given by the King Carol I of Romania.Cannons were trophies of War of Independence, conquered by the Regiment of Dorobanţi Copou (who fought in that war).
Originally the statue was surrounded by an iron fence, which was subsequently removed by widening the market.
Currently, there are views which accredits the idea that the soil on which the statue is built is unstable and that the movement should be restricted in the area.

Get your own Poll!

Integration dans mon école du vivre ensemble

Mes premières impressions
Quands je suis venue pour la premierè fois dans cette école j'ai senti que je suis:

• bien accueillè
• mal accueillè
• seul
• dépaysée
• entourée d'amis

Ou voulait

• etre à la maison avec la famille
• lier d'amitié avec tout le monde
• connaitre nos professeurs
• apprendre l'imploi du temps
• visiter l'école

Sentiments éprouvés

• frustration
• émotion
• peur
• rétience
• curiosité
• joil
• regret
• confusion
• impatiencel